The film industry, also known as the motion picture industry, encompasses the technological, creative, and commercial institutions involved in filmmaking. This includes film production companies, film studios, cinematography, animation, film production, screenwriting, pre-production, post-production, film festivals, film distribution, and actors. The high costs associated with producing films led to the early consolidation of film production under established companies. However, advancements in affordable filmmaking equipment and increased access to investment capital from outside the traditional film industry have spurred the growth of independent film production.
In 2019, the global box office generated approximately $42.2 billion in revenue. When combining box office and home entertainment revenue, the global film industry was valued at approximately $136 billion in 2018. Hollywood, based in the United States, remains the world's oldest and largest national film industry in terms of box-office gross revenue, significantly influencing global cinematic trends and production standards.
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