Acoustic tags, also known as acoustic transmitters, are small sound-emitting devices that allow the detection and/or remote tracking of organisms in aquatic ecosystems such as lakes, rivers, tributaries, estuaries, or sea. Acoustic tags are commonly used to monitor behavior and movements of fish by sending information to data-logging computers known as acoustic receivers. Acoustic tags allow researchers to obtain locational data of tagged fish through acoustic telemetry. Depending on tag and receiver array configurations, researchers can receive simple presence/absence data, 2D positional data, or even 3D fish tracks in real-time with sub-meter resolutions.
Acoustic tags have been used to:
Conduct survival studies and estimate mortality
Monitor migration, passage, bypass effectiveness, and trajectory
Describe predator and prey dynamics
Surveil movement and activity
Estimate site fidelity
Quantify habitat preferences
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